NAZYWAM SIEBIE SNOBEM – POLITYKA ESTETYKI KOREAŃSKIEJ POEZJI W OKRESIE DYKTATURY

This study addresses the issue of politics of aesthetics in Korean poetry in regards of ‘authenticity of snobbism’ manifested in poems and essays published from late 1960s to 1980s under dictatorships. The special attention is on the double positioning of oneself as the accuser and the accused. The questions of the politics of aesthetics of Korean poetry, even the recent argument, has discriminated ‘authenticity’ from ‘snobbism’, in the needs to qualify literature as the accuser of the opportunism and passivism under the dictatorships. However, this dichotomy has restricted the political-aesthetic possibilities of literature to an exclusive property of poets or (poets as) ‘citizens’. This study explores how Korean poetry generated the possibility of political aesthetics from every single snobbish corner of lives by placing ‘the accuser’ of the dictatorial government on the position of ‘the accused’ through its own voice. Poems and essays of Kim Soo-young, Kim Kwang-kyu and Lee Seong-bok will be significantly examined as what manifested the autoimmunity of literature beyond the pose of self-reflection.이 글은 ‘속물의 진정성’이라는 주제로 한국 시의 미학적 정치성을 다루는 글이다. 1960년대 후반에서 1980년대까지 독재 정권 하 출간된 시와 산문을 다루면서, 이 글은 ‘비판하는 자’와 ‘비판 당하는 자’로서 스스로를 동시에 위치시킴으로써 ‘겹쳐있는 존재’가 드러내는 가능성을 논한다. 그간 한국 시의 정치성과 미학성과 관련하여 ‘진정성’은 언제나 ‘속물성’과 명확히 차별되는 무엇으로 논의되어 왔다. 그 기저에는 독재 정권 하 기회주의자 혹은 ‘소시민’을 ‘비판하는 목소리’로서, 문학이 더 나은 세계의 가능성을 배태하는 공간이 되어야 한다는 절박한 요청이 자리하고 있었다. 그러나 이러한 ‘진정성’ 기획은 정치적-미학적 가능성을 소수의 문학인이나 그들이 상징하는 ‘시민’의 형상만이 전유할 수 있는 것으로 제한하였고, 그로써 문학의 정치성과 예술성은 고립된 방식으로만 논의될 수 있었다. 그러나 한국 시는 가장 ‘속물스러운’ 일상의 세목에서 그 속물성을 비난하는 자와 속물로서 비난 당하는 자의 목소리가 겹쳐지는 방식으로 ‘진정성’의 이분법을 초과하는 정치적-미학적 가능성을 형성해내고 있었다. 이 글은 김수영의 시와 산문, 김광규와 이성복의 시를 통해 한국 시가 ‘자기 반성’의 포즈를 넘어서는 ‘자기면역’을 수행함으로써 독재 정권 하 문학의 정치성과 미학적 윤리성을 추구해나간 방식을 독해해보고자 한다.Niniejszy artykuł porusza kwestię polityki estetyki w koreańskiej poezji, w odniesieniu do „autentyczności snobizmu” zobrazowanej w wierszach oraz esejach autorstwa Kim Soo-young, Kim Kwang-kyu oraz Lee Seong-bok, opublikowanych w okresie dyktatury (od końca lat 60. aż po lata 80). Szczególną uwagę poświęcono zagadnieniu umieszczenia siebie w podwójnej roli – jako oskarżyciela i oskarżonego. Pytania dotyczące polityki estetyki w poezji koreańskiej, odróżniały „autentyczność” od „snobizmu”, co miało na celu zakwalifikowanie literatury jako oskarżyciela oportunizmu i pasywności w okresie dyktatury. Jednakże ta dychotomia ograniczyła polityczno-estetyczne możliwości wspomnianej literatury. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest zbadanie, w jaki sposób mogło dojść do powstania w poezji koreańskiej estetyki politycznej poprzez umieszczenie „oskarżyciela” dyktatorskiego rządu w pozycji „oskarżonego”

Pediatric asthma and autism-genomic perspectives.

High-throughput technologies, ranging from microarrays to NexGen sequencing of RNA and genomic DNA, have opened new avenues for exploration of the pathobiology of human disease. Comparisons of the architecture of the genome, identification of mutated or modified sequences, and pre-and post- transcriptional regulation of gene expression as disease specific biomarkers are revolutionizing our understanding of the causes of disease and are guiding the development of new therapies. There is enormous heterogeneity in types of genomic variation that occur in human disease. Some are inherited, while others are the result of new somatic or germline mutations or errors in chromosomal replication. In this review, we provide examples of changes that occur in the human genome in two of the most common chronic pediatric disorders, autism and asthma. The incidence and economic burden of both of these disorders are increasing worldwide. Genomic variations have the potential to serve as biomarkers for personalization of therapy and prediction of outcomes

3D Capture and 3D Contents Generation for Holographic Imaging

The intrinsic properties of holograms make 3D holographic imaging the best candidate for a 3D display. The holographic display is an autostereoscopic display which provides highly realistic images with unique perspective for an arbitrary number of viewers, motion parallax both vertically and horizontally, and focusing at different depths. The 3D content generation for this display is carried out by means of digital holography. Digital holography implements the classic holographic principle as a two‐step process of wavefront capture in the form of a 2D interference pattern and wavefront reconstruction by applying numerically or optically a reference wave. The chapter follows the two main tendencies in forming the 3D holographic content—direct feeding of optically recorded digital holograms to a holographic display and computer generation of interference fringes from directional, depth and colour information about the 3D objects. The focus is set on important issues that comprise encoding of 3D information for holographic imaging starting from conversion of optically captured holographic data to the display data format, going through different approaches for forming the content for computer generation of holograms from coherently or incoherently captured 3D data and finishing with methods for the accelerated computing of these holograms

Preferred computer activities among individuals with dementia: A pilot study

Computers offer new activities that are easily accessible, cognitively stimulating, and enjoyable for individuals with dementia. The current descriptive study examined preferred computer activities among nursing home residents with different severity levels of dementia. A secondary data analysis was conducted using activity observation logs from 15 study participants with dementia (severe = 115 logs, moderate = 234 logs, and mild = 124 logs) who participated in a computer activity program. Significant differences existed in preferred computer activities among groups with different severity levels of dementia. Participants with severe dementia spent significantly more time watching slide shows with music than those with both mild and moderate dementia (F [2,12] = 9.72, p = 0.003). Preference in playing games also differed significantly across the three groups. It is critical to consider individuals\u27 interests and functional abilities when computer activities are provided for individuals with dementia. A practice guideline for tailoring computer activities is detailed

Intertwining porous silicon with conducting polymer for high-efficiency stable Li-ion battery anodes

Porous silicon anodes have been extensively investigated for the high-performance lithium-ion battery, owing to their high capacity and structural robustness as dominantly incorporated with conductive carbon sheath. However, the typical high-temperature annealing process for carbon coating induces the collapse of pre-engineered pores and limits the full utilization of porous structures. In this work, porous silicon flake intertwined with doped polyaniline was prepared via redox-transmetalation reaction followed by a wet coating process of conducting polymer. The proposed method eliminates the risk of pore collapse and utilizes the conductive network without compromising the porous structure. As a result, the prepared composite consisting of porous silicon flake and doped polyaniline shows an extended battery cycle life, reduced electrode swelling, and increased efficiency

Computer activities for persons with dementia

Purpose of the study: The study examined participant\u27s experience and individual characteristics during a 7-week computer activity program for persons with dementia. Design and Methods: The descriptive study with mixed methods design collected 612 observational logs of computer sessions from 27 study participants, including individual interviews before and after the program. Quantitative data analysis included descriptive statistics, correlational coefficients, t-test, and chi-square. Content analysis was used to analyze qualitative data. Results: Each participant averaged 23 sessions and 591min for 7 weeks. Computer activities included slide shows with music, games, internet use, and emailing. On average, they had a high score of intensity in engagement per session. Women attended significantly more sessions than men. Higher education level was associated with a higher number of different activities used per session and more time spent on online games. Older participants felt more tired. Feeling tired was significantly correlated with a higher number of weeks with only one session attendance per week. More anticholinergic medications taken by participants were significantly associated with a higher percentage of sessions with disengagement. The findings were significant at p \u3c. 05. Qualitative content analysis indicated tailoring computer activities appropriate to individual\u27s needs and functioning is critical. All participants needed technical assistance. Implications: A framework for tailoring computer activities may provide guidance on developing and maintaining treatment fidelity of tailored computer activity interventions among persons with dementia. Practice guidelines and education protocols may assist caregivers and service providers to integrate computer activities into homes and aging services settings

Innovative Injection Molding Process for the Fabrication of Woven Fabric Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites

Woven fabric reinforced thermoplastic composites have been gaining significant attention as a lightweight alternative to metal in various industrial fields owing to their high stiffness and strength. Conventional manufacturing processes of woven fabric reinforced thermoplastic composites can be divided into two steps: first, the manufacturing of intermediate material, known as prepreg; then, the formation of the final products from the prepregs. This two-step process increases the manufacturing cost and time of the final composite products. This study demonstrated that woven fabric reinforced thermoplastic composites could be fabricated by an innovative injection molding process instead of the two-step process. A structure placing an extra mesh, which is a new and key component, on the mold-side of woven fabric was devised so that the thermoplastic matrix could be impregnated up to the surface of the woven fabric during injection molding. Tensile tests were performed in the direction parallel to the yarns of the fabric on the injection-molded composites to confirm their mechanical properties. As a result, it was possible to fabricate woven fabric reinforced thermoplastic composites with increased mechanical properties using injection molding without prepreg, and the composites could be molded with a much shorter cycle time than the conventional process, such as thermoforming or over-molding process

Forecasting Hospital Visits Due to Influenza Based on Emergency Department Visits for Fever: A Feasibility Study on Emergency Department-Based Syndromic Surveillance

This study evaluated the use of chief complaint data from emergency departments (EDs) to detect the increment of influenza cases identified from the nationwide medical service usage and developed a forecast model to predict the number of patients with influenza using the daily number of ED visits due to fever. The National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) and the National Emergency Department Information System (NEDIS) databases from 2015 to 2019 were used. The definition of fever included having an initial body temperature ≥ 38.0 °C at an ED department or having a report of fever as a patient’s chief complaint. The moving average number of visits to the ED due to fever for the previous seven days was used. Patients in the NHIS with the International Classification of Diseases-10 codes of J09, J10, or J11 were classified as influenza cases, with a window duration of 100 days, assuming the claims were from the same season. We developed a forecast model according to an autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) method using the data from 2015 to 2017 and validated it using the data from 2018 to 2019. Of the 29,142,229 ED visits from 2015 to 2019, 39.9% reported either a fever as a chief complaint or a ≥38.0 °C initial body temperature at the ED. ARIMA (1,1,1) (0,0,1)7 was the most appropriate model for predicting ED visits due to fever. The mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) value showed the prediction accuracy of the model. The correlation coefficient between the number of ED visits and the number of patients with influenza in the NHIS up to 14 days before the forecast, with the exceptions of the eighth, ninth, and twelfth days, was higher than 0.70 (p-value = 0.001). ED-based syndromic surveillances of fever were feasible for the early detection of hospital visits due to influenza

Innovative Injection Molding Process for the Fabrication of Woven Fabric Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites

Woven fabric reinforced thermoplastic composites have been gaining significant attention as a lightweight alternative to metal in various industrial fields owing to their high stiffness and strength. Conventional manufacturing processes of woven fabric reinforced thermoplastic composites can be divided into two steps: first, the manufacturing of intermediate material, known as prepreg; then, the formation of the final products from the prepregs. This two-step process increases the manufacturing cost and time of the final composite products. This study demonstrated that woven fabric reinforced thermoplastic composites could be fabricated by an innovative injection molding process instead of the two-step process. A structure placing an extra mesh, which is a new and key component, on the mold-side of woven fabric was devised so that the thermoplastic matrix could be impregnated up to the surface of the woven fabric during injection molding. Tensile tests were performed in the direction parallel to the yarns of the fabric on the injection-molded composites to confirm their mechanical properties. As a result, it was possible to fabricate woven fabric reinforced thermoplastic composites with increased mechanical properties using injection molding without prepreg, and the composites could be molded with a much shorter cycle time than the conventional process, such as thermoforming or over-molding process